Deep-well-drilling apparatus



(NO Model.) 3 She'zets-S-h-eet 1.

' W. WBBBER.

DEEP WELL DRILLING APPARATUS. No. 471,580. .Patented Mar. 29, 1892.

INVENTOR.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. WEBBER. DELP WELL MILLING APPARATUS.

N0.'471,5f80. Pmemedmar. 29, 1892.

(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 3A W. WEBBER.

DEEP WELL DML-LING APPARATUS.

No. 471,580.' Patented Mar. 29, l1892.v

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WITNESSES. v INVENTOR.

UNITED 'STATES `PATENT OFFICE.

W'ESLEY "WEBBER, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

DEEP-WELL-DRILLING APPARATUS.

vSPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 471,580, dated March 29, 1892,

Application tiled January 14K, 1891. Serial No. 377,710. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, WEsLEY WEBBEE, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Deep-Well-Drilling Apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speciicatiomin which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my apparatus, part of the case being broken away for clearness of illustration. central section of part of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a similar section of part of the apparatus, showing the drill mechanism in different positions. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line IV IV of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line V V of Fig. 2. Fig. 6

is a detail view of a part. Fig. 7 is a side view of the parts of the apparatus in working position, and Fig. 8 is a front view of the winding-drum. Fig. 9 is a detail view of the bull-wheel and connections, and Fig. 10 is a detail view ofthe gudgeon and connections.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each.

My invention is an improvement on the well-drilling apparatus for which I have obtained United States Letters Patent No. 431,131, dated July 1, 1890, and an improvement also on the apparatus for. which on October 24, 1890,I led an application for United States Letters Patent, Serial N o. 369,183.

The object of the invention is to provide improved means by which electricity can be used to furnish the motive power for deepwell drilling.

The advantages derived from use of my improved apparatus are that the work of drilling is expedited and cheapened, and, because the apparatus used is very unlikely to become lodged in the hole, iishing jobs, which are a cause of great delay and expense in well-drilling, are rendered to a great extent unnecessary.

In the drawings, 2 represents a case, preferably of cylindrical form and of proper size to admit its insertion into the well to be drilled. Within this case are electric motors v 3, preferably two or more, which may be arranged in the manner ordinarily employed in similar connections. In Fig. 1 I show only Fig. 2 is a vertical extend from the top to the bottom of the well to be drilled. In the use of the apparatus these conductors are connected to a suitable generator of electricity situated at the surface of the ground, the cable containing the conductor being led within the center of the winding-drum shaft 42 and there contacting with a post 43, which protrudes beyond the shaft and is provided with a collar upon which contact-brushes 44 rest, and thereby communicate the current to the cable, all as shown in Fig. 8.

The ordinary derrick 45 is used in operating my device, the cable passing over the crownpulley and thence to the drum 46.

The motor is held in position in the caseby insulated supporting. plates or brackets.

On the shaft 4 is a gear-wheel 7, which by means of other gear-wheels 8, constructed as shown', actuates a crank 9, which may be on the shaft of the last gear-wheel of the series.

lO is a rod which connects the crank with a link 11. A rod 12 passes through an eye at the lower end of the link and is provided with collars 13 and 14, arranged as shown. A spring 15 is interposed between these collars, and the lower end of the link has an intermediate bearing on the spring.

16 17 are guide-bearings through which the rod 12 passes.

18 is a plate 0r partition which closes the case 2 above the crank 9 to prevent access of roo ends by a pin 2O and -provided with toggle- `within the case, as shown in Fig. 2, they shall be drawn together into small lateral compass, and so that when projected, as shown in Fig. 3, they shall diverge. The toggle-arms 2] are pivotally connected at their outer ends to lugs on a ring 22, which is rotatory Within the case,

8, and by the crank 9 a reciprocation is imparted to the rod 10 and link 11, which, acting through thespring, imparts a reciprocating motion to the rod 12. The spring prevents the mechanism from acting withinjurious shocksand jarswhich might otherwise inter.- fere with its'work. Obviously the projecting of the rod, 12 will by the togglefarms ca use the blades of the bit tospread, asy shown in Fig..3, whilethe upward stroke ofthe rod will bring them together, as in Fig. 2.

Whenthe apparatus isto beused for drilling, it is letjinto'the well by a cable, which at the surface of the ground is preferably provided with a te mper-screw, by which i-t may be lowered gradually.

In Fig. 2 the line b b represents the bottom of the hole. On the downward strokey of .the

rod 2 the blades 19 engage the .earth at b b f and cut it, and by the toggle-arms 21 they are.

` caused to act outwardly as well as downwardfly and to cut a holepwider than the case. 2. Y When thebit strikes the eartlnit pene.- tra-tes it somewhatand then the further mo.- tion of the crank 9 on the downstroke. is taken up by compression of the spring 15. At each stroke of the bit the earthis cutl away a little more deeply and the springpermits the tool to descend correspondingly. When thebit finally descends to the limit of the throw of the crank,aprojection. 24 on the rod 12 comes into contact with a trigger 25,

to which is attached a contact rod or button- 26, which is drawn thereby into contact with thefterminals 27 of electrical conductors 28, which extend to the surface of the Well and are there in circuit with an electric bell or other signal, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10. In these figures 47 represents the one wire, connectedA to the gudgeon or post` 43, and 48 the insulated signalwire passing through the gudgeon and having con tact-.brushes 49,which, bear upon the stationary rings 50 and 51,150 which the electric circuit 52 is connected. In this circuit is providedv a source of electrical energy 53 and asignal 54, which is operated as above described to warn the driller when to lower the cable. 0n the sounding of this signal thedriller feeds downon the suspending4 cable, thereby lowering the case 2 deeper into thelwell, so that the bit may again be'- gin cutting. trigger 25, which is raised by a spring 29, so as to break the circuit and stop the sounding of the alarm. The operation is thus con- This relieves pressure on the tiuued as long as necessary to complete the drilling of the well. From time to time the case 2 may bev withdrawn and the sand bailed out, or the sand may be Vremoved byapump, as described in my4 application, Serial No. 377,709, filed January 14, 1891, concurrently herewith.

In order to steady the case 2 during the drilling operation, I may provide it with laterally-projecting Wheels 30, held by springthe well.

It is desirable that during the drilling op- Jeration the bit shouldbe rotated, so as to eut inall directions. For this purposeI provide the surface of thel ring 22 with ratchet-teeth, :as shown in Fig. 6, and use apawl 31, pivoted to' the case atl32, and connected by arod 33 to an eccentric 34 onl the shaft of the crank g 9. Reciprocation of the rod 33, caused by operation of the eccentric, oscillatesthe pawl 31, which, acting on. the ratchet-teeth,4 causes the ring 22 to turn and by means of theA toggle-arrns 2,1 to turn. the-drilling bit and rod 12. The end of the paWl 31 is provided with a ispring 35 to enable it to clear the ratchetteeth on its backrstroke.

For kthe pli-rpose of preventing access of water to 'the motors AI prefer to provide the case 2y with a small pumpfcyli-nder 36, having an` inlet-port 37 communicating with; the in terior of the case above thlepartition 18 and having an outletsport 38, which may commu-- nicate with the case below said partition..

iThe plunger 39 of this pump-cylinder is provided with a suitable val-ve and is actuatedv by a, jointed todV 4:0 from a crank-pin 41j ona driven gear-wheel 8.

This pu mpl will discharge any water and sediment which may `leak into` the upper part of the case.. It is* described and claimed in said patentfapplication, Serial No. 377,709, filed by me on Janu- 1' ary 14,1891, and is not claimed, herein..l

provement have been indicated, generally bearings and adapted to bite into the sides of IOO ' IIO The advantages appertaining to, my im-V aboveand Willbe appreciated by thoseskilled i in the art.

Without limiting myself precisgelytol the arms connecting the movableV parts and the interior of the case, substantially as and for the purposes'describcd.

3. In a deep well-drilling-tool,the combination of a drilling-bit composed of downwardlymoving divergible parts, means for reciprocating and rotating the bit, and levers adapted to be actuated by such reciprocation to depress and open the parts of the bit, substantially as described.

4. In a deep-Welldrilling tool, the combination of a case containing an electric motor, a recprocatory drilling-bit operated thereby and having divergible parts, means for diverging the parts as the bit is projected, and a spring through which the reciprocatory motion is transmitted to the bit, substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. In a deep-Well-drilling tool, the combination of an electric motor, a drilling-bit, crank connections between the motor and bit for reciprocating the latter, a ratchet and pawl connected with the motor and adapted to rotate the bit, and a case containing the several parts, substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. In a deep-well-drillingtool,the combination of a case containing an electric motor, a drilling-bit connected therewith and adapted to be projected thereby, and an electric signal constructed and arranged to be operated at the limit of the projection of the bit, substantially as and for the purposes described.

7. In a deep-well-drilling tool, the combination of a case containing an electric motor, a reciprocatory drilling-bit operated thereby, a spring through which reciprocatory motion is imparted to the bit, and an electric signal constructed and arranged to be operated by the bit at the limit of its projection, substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. In a deep-well-drilling tool, the combination of a case containing an electric motor, a drilling-bit connected therewith and operated thereby, and projecting guide -wheels connected with the case and having spring-bearings, substantially as and for the purposes described.

9. In oil-well-operating machinery, the cornbination, with the derrick and crown-wheel, of a cable passing thereover, said cable being provided yWith wires which contact Vwith the gudgeon of the bull-wheel, a brush bearing on said gudgeon, and a source of electrical energy connected with said brush, substantially as and for the purposes described.

IO. In oil-well'- operating machinery, the combination, wit-h the derrick and crown- Wheel, of a cable passing thereover, said cable being provided with separate insulated wires,one set of wires connecting at thebullwheel with a source of electrical energy and the other set connecting with an electric signal-circuit, substantially as and for the purposes described.

1l. In oil-welll operating machinery, the combination, with the derrick and crownwheel, of a cable passing thereover, said cable being provided with separate insulated wires, a bull-Wheel provided with a hollow gudgeon, and brushes bearing upon the gudgeon and connected with a source ofelectrical energy, one set of wires connecting with said gudgeon and the other set passing therethrough and connecting with an electric signal-circuit, substantially as and for the purposes described.

12. In a deep-well-drilling tool,`the combi- I nation ot' a case containing an electric motor, a reciprocatory drilling-bit operated thereby, an electric signalcircuit having a circuitcloser Within the case, a tongue upon said circuit-closer, and a projection upon the bit, arranged to engage said tongue at the limit of the proj ection of the bit, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of January, A. D. 1891.

WESLEY WEBBER.

Witnesses:

THOMAS W. BAKEWELL, W. B. CoRwIN. 

